The 19 quiz questions
Question 1 : Which macronutrient provides approximately 9 kilocalories per gram?
Possible answers:
- Les glucides
- Les lipides
- Les protéines
- Les fibres
Explanation: Lipids (fats) provide 9 kcal/g, compared to 4 kcal/g for proteins and carbohydrates, making them the most energy-dense source.
Question 2 : Which mineral is essential for oxygen transport in the blood?
Possible answers:
- Le zinc
- Le calcium
- Le fer
- Le magnésium
Explanation: Iron is a key component of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen throughout the body.
Question 3 : Which omega-3 fatty acid is mainly found in fatty fish?
Possible answers:
- L'ALA
- L'acide linoléique
- Le DHA
- L'acide oléique
Explanation: EPA and DHA are marine omega-3s, but DHA is particularly important for the brain and retina.
Question 4 : Which vitamin deficiency causes scurvy?
Possible answers:
- Vitamine B12
- Vitamine C
- Vitamine A
- Vitamine K
Explanation: Scurvy is caused by vitamin C deficiency. It was common among sailors who did not consume fresh fruits during long voyages.
Question 5 : What is the approximate glycemic index of pure glucose?
Possible answers:
- 50
- 75
- 100
- 150
Explanation: Pure glucose has a glycemic index of 100, serving as the reference for measuring carbohydrate absorption speed.
Question 6 : Which hormone regulates blood sugar levels?
Possible answers:
- L'insuline
- La leptine
- L'adrénaline
- Le glucagon
Explanation: Insulin, produced by the pancreas, allows cells to absorb blood glucose and regulates blood sugar levels.
Question 7 : How many essential amino acids can the human body not synthesize?
Possible answers:
- 6
- 8
- 9
- 12
Explanation: There are 9 essential amino acids that the body cannot make and must be obtained from food.
Question 8 : Which type of dietary fiber promotes intestinal transit?
Possible answers:
- Prébiotiques
- Fermentable fibers
- Fibres solubles
- Fibres insolubles
Explanation: Insoluble fibers (cellulose, lignin) increase stool volume and speed up transit, unlike soluble fibers which form a gel.
Question 9 : Which antioxidant gives tomatoes their red color?
Possible answers:
- Le lycopène
- Le bêta-carotène
- La lutéine
- L'anthocyane
Explanation: Lycopene is a powerful antioxidant carotenoid. Its bioavailability increases with cooking and added fats.
Question 10 : Which vitamin is necessary for blood clotting?
Possible answers:
- Vitamine E
- Vitamine B9
- Vitamine K
- Vitamine B6
Explanation: Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors. Its name comes from the German word "Koagulation".
Question 11 : Which trace element is essential for thyroid function?
Possible answers:
- Le manganèse
- Le cuivre
- Le sélénium
- L'iode
Explanation: Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones T3 and T4, which regulate metabolism.
Question 12 : What percentage of the human body is made up of water approximately?
Possible answers:
- 40%
- 50%
- 60%
- 70%
Explanation: The adult human body is about 60% water. This percentage varies by age, sex, and body composition. Infants can contain up to 75% water.
Question 13 : Which disease is caused by vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency?
Possible answers:
- La pellagre
- Le béribéri
- L'anémie
- Le rachitisme
Explanation: Beriberi is caused by thiamine deficiency, historically common in Asia where refined white rice was the staple food.
Question 14 : Which nutrient is the main component of cell membranes?
Possible answers:
- Les acides gras
- Les phospholipides
- Le cholestérol
- Les triglycérides
Explanation: Phospholipids form the lipid bilayer of cell membranes, ensuring their structure and selective permeability.
Question 15 : What is the scientific name for "good cholesterol"?
Possible answers:
- LDL
- VLDL
- HDL
- Triglycérides
Explanation: HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) transports cholesterol from tissues to the liver for elimination, unlike LDL.
Question 16 : Which organ produces bile necessary for fat digestion?
Possible answers:
- Le foie
- Le pancréas
- La vésicule biliaire
- L'estomac
Explanation: The liver produces bile which is stored in the gallbladder, then released into the intestine to emulsify fats.
Question 17 : Which vitamin is also called folic acid?
Possible answers:
- Vitamine B12
- Vitamine B6
- Vitamine B3
- Vitamine B9
Explanation: Vitamin B9 (folic acid) is crucial for DNA synthesis and particularly important during pregnancy.
Question 18 : Which type of carbohydrate is stored in the liver and muscles?
Possible answers:
- Le glycogène
- Le fructose
- L'amidon
- Le saccharose
Explanation: Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in animals, released when energy is needed.
Question 19 : Which deficiency causes night blindness?
Possible answers:
- Vitamin E deficiency
- Carence en lutéine
- Carence en zinc
- Vitamin A deficiency
Explanation: Vitamin A (retinol) is essential for vision, particularly for rhodopsin synthesis in the retinal rods.




