The 10 quiz questions
Question 1 : What is a photon?
Possible answers:
- A particle of light
- An atom of light
- A luminous electron
- A sound wave
Explanation: The photon is the elementary particle that carries light and all electromagnetic radiation.
Question 2 : What is the order of magnitude of Avogadro's number, which defines the quantity of entities in a mole?
Possible answers:
- 6 × 10⁸
- 6 × 10¹⁵
- 6 × 10²³
- 6 × 10³⁴
Explanation: Avogadro's number is approximately 6.022 × 10²³. It represents the number of atoms, molecules, or ions in one mole of substance. It is a fundamental bridge between the atomic and macroscopic scales.
Question 3 : Which quantum mechanics principle states that one cannot simultaneously know a particle's position and velocity with absolute precision?
Possible answers:
- Pauli's exclusion principle
- Heisenberg's uncertainty principle
- The superposition principle
- Bohr's complementarity principle
Explanation: Heisenberg's uncertainty principle (1927) sets a fundamental limit: the more precisely a particle's position is measured, the less precisely its momentum is known, and vice versa. This is not a technical limitation but an intrinsic property of nature.
Question 4 : Which fundamental constant, denoted h, relates a photon's energy to its frequency?
Possible answers:
- The gravitational constant
- Boltzmann's constant
- Planck's constant
- Avogadro's constant
Explanation: Planck's constant (h ≈ 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s) is at the heart of quantum mechanics. It appears in the relation E = hν, where E is energy and ν is the radiation frequency.
Question 5 : What is the antiparticle of the electron called, discovered by Carl Anderson in 1932?
Possible answers:
- The graviton
- The neutrino
- The muon
- The positron
Explanation: The positron is the antiparticle of the electron: same mass but positive charge. Its discovery confirmed Dirac's theory of antimatter and paved the way for PET (positron emission tomography).
Question 6 : What is the chemical formula for carbon dioxide?
Possible answers:
- CO2
- C2O
- CO
- CO3
Explanation: CO2: one carbon atom bonded to two oxygen atoms.
Question 7 : What is the chemical symbol for gold?
Possible answers:
- Ag
- Au
- Go
- Or
Explanation: The symbol Au comes from the Latin "aurum". Gold (atomic number 79) is a precious metal known since antiquity for its resistance to corrosion.
Question 8 : Which gas is most abundant in Earth's atmosphere?
Possible answers:
- Carbon dioxide
- Oxygen
- Nitrogen
- Hydrogen
Explanation: Nitrogen (N2) makes up about 78% of the atmosphere, compared to 21% for oxygen.
Question 9 : What is the unit of measurement for electrical resistance?
Possible answers:
- Watt
- Ampere
- Volt
- Ohm
Explanation: The ohm (Ω) is named after the German physicist Georg Ohm.
Question 10 : Who formulated the theory of relativity?
Possible answers:
- Albert Einstein
- Niels Bohr
- Max Planck
- Isaac Newton
Explanation: Albert Einstein published special relativity in 1905 and general relativity in 1915. These theories revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and gravity.
