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First Aid - Life-Saving Actions

France's SAMU on 15 handles 14 million calls a year since being founded in 1968 by Prof. Lareng. The CPR ratio is 30:2 at 5-6 cm depth. Learn the first-aid moves that actually save lives.

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The 10 quiz questions

Question 1 : What emergency number should you call in France for SAMU (emergency medical services)?

Possible answers:

  • 15
  • 17
  • 18
  • 112

Explanation: France's 15 reaches SAMU (Emergency Medical Aid Service), founded in 1968 by Prof. Louis Lareng in Toulouse and rolled out nationwide in 1986. It handles around 14 million calls a year, alongside 18 (firefighters) and 17 (police).

Question 2 : What is the first thing to do when facing an unconscious victim?

Possible answers:

  • Check consciousness
  • Give water
  • Call emergency services
  • Perform CPR

Explanation: The first step is to check if the victim is conscious by speaking to them and gently stimulating them.

Question 3 : What is the recovery position for an unconscious person who is breathing?

Possible answers:

  • Sitting
  • Recovery position
  • On the stomach
  • On the back

Explanation: The recovery position lays the victim on their side with the head slightly tilted back, keeping the airway clear and preventing aspiration of vomit. It is used only if breathing and pulse are present, while waiting for emergency services.

Question 4 : How many chest compressions should be performed during CPR before giving rescue breaths?

Possible answers:

  • 10
  • 15
  • 20
  • 30

Explanation: The 30:2 ratio (compressions to breaths) has been the ERC recommendation since 2010, with a depth of 5-6 cm in adults. Hands-only CPR is enough if you are untrained, until emergency services arrive.

Question 5 : What does the acronym AED stand for?

Possible answers:

  • Automatic Diagnostic Evaluation
  • Electrical Arrest Detector
  • Automated External Defibrillator
  • Choking Aid Device

Explanation: The AED (Automated External Defibrillator) is a device that can save lives in case of cardiac arrest.

Question 6 : What should you do in case of a minor burn?

Possible answers:

  • Apply ice directly
  • Apply butter
  • Cool under running water
  • Pop the blisters

Explanation: Cooling the burn under cold running water for 10-15 minutes helps limit tissue damage.

Question 7 : What maneuver should be performed on a choking person?

Possible answers:

  • Heimlich maneuver
  • Chest compressions
  • Give them something to drink
  • Mouth-to-mouth

Explanation: The Heimlich maneuver consists of abdominal thrusts to expel the foreign object.

Question 8 : What is the European emergency number?

Possible answers:

  • 112
  • 115
  • 911
  • 999

Explanation: 112 is the single European emergency number, available free of charge in all EU countries.

Question 9 : What should you do when facing heavy bleeding?

Possible answers:

  • Elevate the head
  • Compress the wound
  • Apply a tourniquet immediately
  • Rinse with water

Explanation: Direct pressure should be held for 5 to 10 minutes without easing before applying a pressure bandage. A tourniquet is a last resort: an adult holds only about 5 litres of blood, roughly 7-8% of body weight.

Question 10 : What is the recommended frequency for cardiac massage in adults?

Possible answers:

  • 50 à 70 par minute
  • 70 à 90 par minute
  • 100 à 120 par minute
  • 150 à 180 par minute

Explanation: The recommended rate is 100 to 120 compressions per minute for effective CPR.

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