French Polynesia: Geography & Nature

Explication : Papeete, located on the island of Tahiti, has been the capital of French Polynesia since 1890. With about 26,000 inhabitants, it is the administrative, economic and cultural center of the territory.

Explication : The 5 archipelagos are: the Society Islands, the Tuamotu, the Gambier Islands, the Marquesas and the Austral Islands. Together, they span an ocean area as large as Europe.

Explication : French Polynesia has 118 islands, of which 76 are inhabited. They are spread across the 5 archipelagos and cover an exclusive economic zone of 4.8 million km².

Explication : The Tuamotu Archipelago is the largest in French Polynesia with 78 atolls. Known as the "Archipelago of Atolls," it stretches over 1,500 km and is home to the main pearl farms.

Explication : Tahiti is the largest island in French Polynesia with an area of 1,042 km². It is home to the capital Papeete and accounts for about 70% of the territory's population.

Explication : Mount Orohena reaches 2,241 meters on the island of Tahiti. It is a volcanic peak covered in tropical forest, accessible only via demanding hiking trails.

Explication : The "Windward Islands" refers to the eastern part of the Society Islands, including Tahiti and Moorea. The name comes from their exposure to the South Pacific trade winds.

Explication : Rangiroa is the second largest atoll in the world, with a lagoon of 1,640 km². Its name means "immense sky" in Paumotu. It is a top destination for scuba diving.

Explication : The Polynesian Triangle is bounded by Hawaii to the north, Rapa Nui (Easter Island) to the east, and Aotearoa (New Zealand) to the southwest. It encompasses all the islands where Polynesian peoples live.

Explication : French Polynesia has about 280,000 inhabitants. Nearly 70% of the population lives on the island of Tahiti, mainly in the Papeete metropolitan area.

Explication : The Tahitian black pearl is one of French Polynesia's most precious treasures. It is produced by the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera and can display green, blue or aubergine reflections.

Explication : Pinctada margaritifera, also called the "black-lipped oyster," is the only species capable of producing the black pearl. It lives in the lagoons of the Tuamotu and Gambier atolls.

Explication : Pearl oysters are raised at depths of 2 to 40 meters in the lagoons. This zone offers ideal temperature and plankton conditions for nacre formation.

Explication : Mururoa (and neighboring Fangataufa) was the site of 193 French nuclear tests between 1966 and 1996. The tests had lasting health and environmental consequences for the region.

Explication : The Tahitian tiare (Gardenia taitensis) is the national flower of French Polynesia. Its enchanting fragrance is used to make monoi, the traditional oil made from coconut and tiare flowers.